Session: MF-02-09 Pipeline Infrastructure 2

Paper Number: 122529

122529 - Technical Basis for Fatigue Crack Growth Rules in Gaseous Hydrogen for Asme b31.12 Code Case 220 and for Revision of Asme Viii-3 Code Case 2938-1 

Emerging hydrogen technologies span a diverse range of operating environments. High-pressure storage for mobility applications has become commonplace up to about 1,000 bar, whereas transmission of gaseous hydrogen can occur at hydrogen partial pressure of a few bar when blended into natural gas. In the former case, cascade storage is utilized to manage hydrogen-assisted fatigue and the Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code Section VIII, Division 3 includes fatigue design curves for fracture mechanics design of hydrogen vessels at pressure of 1,030 bar (using a Paris Law formulation). Recent research on hydrogen-assisted fatigue crack growth has shown that a diverse range of ferritic steels show similar fatigue crack growth behavior in gaseous hydrogen environments, including low-carbon steels (e.g., pipeline steels) as well as quench and tempered Cr-Mo and Ni-Cr-Mo pressure vessel steels with tensile strength less than 915 MPa. However, measured fatigue crack growth is sensitive to hydrogen partial pressure and fatigue crack growth can be accelerated in hydrogen at pressure as low as 1 bar. The effect of hydrogen partial pressure from 1 to 1,000 bar can be quantified through a simple semi-empirical correction factor to the fatigue crack growth design curves. This paper documents the technical basis for the pressure-sensitive fatigue crack growth rules for gaseous hydrogen service in ASME B31.12 Code Case 220 and for revision of ASME VIII-3 Code Case 2938-1, including the range of applicability of these fatigue design curves in terms of environmental, materials and mechanics variables.

Presenting Author: Chris San Marchi Sandia National Laboratories

Presenting Author Biography: Dr. Chris San Marchi is a Distinguished Member of the Technical Staff at Sandia National Laboratories in Livermore CA. Chris and his colleagues are studying the interactions between hydrogen and materials, unraveling the complex nature of hydrogen’s effects on the performance of structural materials, in particular a collection of phenomena commonly referred to as gaseous hydrogen embrittlement. His research is motivated by the emerging deployment of hydrogen technologies to decarbonize the energy sector, such as hydrogen-powered industrial trucks, fuel cell electric vehicles and hydrogen blending into natural gas. Chris has co-authored over 100 conference and journal publications and several book chapters, providing the scientific and engineering basis for hydrogen-related codes and standards both domestically and internationally, including contributions to the Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE), American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) as well as the UN’s Global Technical Regulation No. 13 for Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Vehicles. Additionally, Chris is the Sandia PI on the Hydrogen Materials Compatibility Consortium (H-Mat), an Energy Materials Network, sponsored by the US Department of Energy’s Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy. Chris is also the Sandia PI on the Pipeline Blending CRADA (DOE HyBlend project), a multi-laboratory partnership with industry exploring the implications of blending hydrogen into natural gas infrastructure.

Authors:

Chris San Marchi Sandia National Laboratories
Joseph Ronevich Sandia National Laboratories
Paolo Bortot TenarisDalmine
Matteo Ortolani TenarisDalmine
Kang Xu Linde Inc
Mahendra Rana consultant